给大家讲解下关于污油泥处理的方法

To explain to you about the method of sludge treatment

　　污油泥处理的处理方法有什么?

　　含油污泥是石油开采、运输、精炼以及含油废水处理过程中产生的含油固体废弃物，是油气开发和储存过程中产生的主要污染物之一。

　　含油污泥中含有很多苯系物质、酚类等有毒物质，但同时这些物质也是原油成分，含油污泥是油田生产过程中产生的废弃物，同时也是资源，含油污泥如果不处理回收其油分，不仅污染环境，还会造成资源浪费，多年来，我国油田地区的油泥处理方式基本上是废弃油坑填埋，不规范的废弃和处理过程，存在很大的环境污染风险，如果采用适当的技术手段对含油污泥进行无害化处理和残油回收，不仅会产生一定的经济效益，还会减轻污染，带来巨大的环境效益和社会效益。

What are the treatment methods of sludge treatment?

Oily sludge is one of the main pollutants produced during oil and gas exploitation and storage.

Oily sludge contains a lot of benzene series substances, phenols and other toxic substances, but at the same time, these substances are also crude oil components, oily sludge is the waste generated in the process of oilfield production, but also resources, if the oil is not treated and recycled, not only pollution of the environment, but also cause a waste of resources, over the years, The sludge handling of our oil field region is basically a waste oil pit landfill, non-standard scrap and process, there are a lot of environmental pollution risk, if the proper technology of oil-bearing sludge disposal and the residual oil recovery, not only will produce certain economic benefits, also can reduce pollution, bring huge environmental benefits and social benefits.

　　污油泥处理的处理方法：

      Sewage sludge treatment methods:

　　1.简单的处理 Simple processing

　　具有可以直接填埋含油污泥，或者固化后再填埋的特点，含油污泥直接填埋是目前许多国内油田采用的主要含油污泥处理方法。

       The direct landfill of oily sludge is the main treatment method of oily sludge used in many domestic oil fields.

　　2.提取法 extraction

　　提取法是利用“相似相容”的原理，选择合适的有机溶剂作为提取剂，回收利用含油污泥中的原油的方法，采用多级分离提取一级热清洗方法处理含油污泥，处理后的污泥符合农用污泥的排放标准，化学药剂可循环使用。

       Extraction method is to use the principle of "similarity compatibility", select the appropriate organic solvent as the extraction agent, recovery and utilization of oil in the oily sludge method, using multi-stage separation and extraction of the first stage of thermal cleaning method to deal with the oily sludge, treated sludge in accordance with the discharge standard of agricultural sludge, chemical agents can be recycled.

　　3.焚烧法 burning method

　　预先脱水浓缩预处理的含油污泥被送到焚烧炉焚烧，温度为800~850，30分钟完成焚烧，焚烧后的灰烬需要进一步处理。

      The pre-dehydrated, concentrated and pretreated oily sludge is sent to an incinerator for incineration at 800~850 minutes, and the incineration is completed in 30 minutes. The incinerated ash needs further treatment.

　　4.生物法 Biological methods

　　含油污泥的生物处理技术主要有就地耕作法、堆肥处理法、污泥生物反应器法，主要利用微生物将含油污泥中的石油烃类分解成无害的土壤成分。

       The biological treatment technology of oily sludge mainly includes in situ farming method, composting method and sludge bioreactor method, which mainly uses microorganisms to decompose petroleum hydrocarbons in oily sludge into harmless soil components.

　　5.物理化学处理 Physicochemical treatment

　　各种物理化学处理方法多以回收原油为目的，原油价格高，含油污泥排放量高，征收排污费，因此该方法仍有吸引力。

       All kinds of physical and chemical treatment methods are mainly aimed at recovering crude oil, the crude oil price is high, the discharge of oily sludge is high, and the sewage charge is levied, so this method is still attractive.

　　污油泥处理的回收利用方法有很多，其中淤泥分解精制技术是重要的淤泥回收利用途径。

      There are many methods of sludge recovery and utilization, among which sludge decomposition and refining technology is an important way of sludge recovery and utilization.

　　油泥分解精油技术是将油田废油泥、船舶船舱泥、罐底油泥等分解后，提取其中的油，废油、粘土、油砂是危险废弃物，未经处理而排放，各种废油、粘土、油砂得到的机油可以高价出售，废水可以制成工业用砖等产品。

      Oil sludge decomposition essential oil technology is to decompose oil sludge from oil field, ship's cabin mud, tank bottom mud and so on, and extract the oil. Waste oil, clay and oil sand are dangerous wastes, which are discharged without treatment. The oil obtained from all kinds of waste oil, clay and oil sand can be sold at a high price, and the waste water can be made into industrial bricks and other products.