污油泥是由原油、各种成品油、油渣及重质油混合而成的泥浆，一般是油田开采、石油精炼过程中操作不当而产生的落地污油泥、储油罐底部因沉降而产生的清罐污油泥等。目前，污油泥处理可以利用新的热解处理技术及工艺进行“资源化”“无害化”处理，达到再生回收的目的。

Sludge is a mud mixed with crude oil, various refined oil, oil residue and heavy oil. Generally, it is the falling sludge caused by improper operation in the process of oil exploitation and oil refining, and the tank cleaning sludge caused by settlement at the bottom of the oil storage tank. At present, the sludge treatment can use the new pyrolysis technology and process to "resource" and "harmless" treatment, to achieve the purpose of recycling.

污油泥处理 Sludge treatment

新型污油泥处理设备由进料、热解反应釜、油气冷凝回收、不凝尾气净化除味、烟气净化及出渣这几部分组成。

The new sludge treatment equipment consists of feeding, pyrolysis reaction kettle, condensate recovery of oil and gas, non-condensing tail gas          purification and deodorization, flue gas purification and slag production.

新型污油泥处理技术及工艺的具体生产过程如下。

The specific production process of the new sludge treatment technology and process is as follows.

1、通过供应系统将原料污油泥输送到新型污油泥处理设备的热解反应釜内，装料完成后，反应釜进料口进行密封处理；

Through the supply system, the raw sludge is transported to the pyrolysis reaction kettle of the new sludge treatment equipment. After the loading, the feed port of the reaction kettle is sealed.

2、热解反应釜在外部加热的同时以一定的速度旋转，均匀加热。与此同时，热解反应釜内的温度可以迅速上升。

The pyrolytic reaction kettle is heated externally at a certain speed and heated uniformly. At the same time, the temperature in the pyrolysis reactor can rise rapidly.

3、热解反应釜内不断产生的油气通过油气冷凝系统冷却后回收废矿油，废矿油可以加工成再生基础油。

The oil and gas continuously generated in the pyrolysis reactor is cooled by the oil and gas condensation system and recycled waste mineral oil, which can be processed into recycled base oil.

4、污油泥热解产生的不凝尾气通过非冷凝废气净化除味系统净化后，再次用于加热反应器。不仅在生产过程中降低燃料成本，而且保证净化后废气燃烧后不产生污染性气味。

The non-condensable tail gas generated from sludge pyrolysis is purified by the non-condensable exhaust gas purification and odor removal system and then used in the heating reactor again. Not only in the production process to reduce the cost of fuel, but also to ensure that after purification exhaust gas combustion does not produce polluting smell.

5、加热反应器的燃料燃烧后产生的烟通过烟气脱硫净化系统净化，净化后的烟达到排放标准后通过15米的排气管排出。

The smoke generated after the fuel combustion in the heating reactor is purified by the flue gas desulfurization purification system, and the purified smoke meets the emission standard and is discharged through the exhaust pipe of 15 meters.

6、热解反应釜内的污油泥完全热解干馏后，生成的灰通过碎屑系统收集，该灰可用于制作砖、路基路面等。

After the sludge in the pyrolysis reactor is completely pyrolyzed and retorted, the ash generated is collected through the debris system, which can be used to make bricks, roadbed and pavement.

因此，综上所述，污油泥通过新型热解处理技术及工艺处理后，矿物油和灰渣都达到了新用途回收利用的目的。

Therefore, to sum up, after the sludge is treated by the new pyrolysis technology and process, both mineral oil and ash can be recycled for new purposes.

随着石油资源的不断开采，资源会越来越少，开采难度会越来越大，因此在采油过程中各种添加剂会不断增加。因此，污泥的成分更加多样化，处理过程也会相应改变。污油泥处理工艺和方法有很多种，各有特点。只有一种工艺和技术很难满足严格的环境要求。因此，多种技术和方法的共同利用是未来污油泥处理工艺无害化的发展方向之一。由于综合处理设备和技术投资较多，国企将找专门的污油泥处理公司代为处理，成为未来的大势，这也将有助于污油泥处理技术的逐步完善，并趋于成熟产业化。

With the continuous exploitation of oil resources, the resources will be less and less, and the exploitation will be more and more difficult, so in the process of oil recovery, various additives will continue to increase. As a result, the sludge composition is more diverse and the treatment process will change accordingly. There are many kinds of processing techniques and methods for sludge, each with its own characteristics. It is difficult to meet stringent environmental requirements with only one process and technology. Therefore, the common utilization of various technologies and methods is one of the development directions of the harmless sludge treatment technology in the future. Due to a large investment in comprehensive treatment equipment and technology, state-owned enterprises will find specialized sludge treatment companies to deal with it, which will become the general trend in the future, which will also contribute to the gradual improvement of sludge treatment technology, and tend to mature industrialization.